COMPUTER PROCESSING
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Processes can be defined as programs that are being executed within a computer system. The data processing is a procedure of manipulating data into a more concise, and comprehensible format. This includes collecting, processing, and distributing facts and figures to achieve a desired result.
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Electronic Data Processing (EDP) - the processing of data through the use of computers.
Data Processing Cycle
Input • the stage where the original data, or input data, are arranged into some convenient form for processing.
Processing • the input data are changed, and combined with other information, to produce data into a more useful form.
Output • the final stage where the results from the original input, having undergone processing, are collected.
Classification of Data Processing
Business Data Processing • distinguished by the need to establish, retain, and process files of data for producing useful information. Generally, it involves a large volume of input data, limited arithmetical operations, and a relatively large volume of output.
Scientific Data Processing • involves a limited volume of input and many logical or arithmetic calculations. Unlike business problems, most of the scientific problems are non-repetitive, requiring a “one-time” solution.
INPUT > PROCESS > OUTPUT
Data Processing Operations
Calculating • the arithmetic processing of data.
Classifying • the process of determining and organizing items with similar characteristics into groups or classes.
Duplicating • the reproduction of data into multiple forms or documents.
Feedback • the analysis of all gathered data from the outputs and the goal set in advance, locating and correcting if there are any errors, returning it back to its appropriate phase in the processing procedure.
Merging • this is where two separate data, after sorting, are combined to produce a singular, unified set of data.
Recording • the transfer of data into documents or into any other forms.
Retrieving • the procedure of recovering data from storage at any given time.
Sorting • the process of organizing data into a programmed sequence to administer processing. This can either be by Alphabetic or Numerical order.
Storing • the process of saving and storing data that would later be used for future references or use.
Summarizing and Reporting • the process where collected data is condensed and represented into a more concise and comprehensible format.
Verifying • the analytical review of data recorded. This is essential in locating for any errors.
Methods Of Processing Data
Batch Processing • a procedure where the data to be processed are organized into groups to allow convenient, well-organized and sequential processing.
Distributed Processing • generally consisting of remote terminals connected to a large central computer system to assist the user perform inquiries about accounts, handle jobs, or other data processing operations.
On-Line Processing • a method where devices directly linked to the CPU are utilized for either data entry or transfer.
Real-Time Processing • an operation that generates instantaneous reply to obtain data from an activity or a physical process.
