004 - Learning

LEARNING
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Learning takes time and patience. This page provide a learning process to empower student to aquired the basic information about computer. After reading this, you will gain the genuinely knowledge about computer technology. It will help you to widely understand on what computer is.

COMPUTER FUNDAMENTALS
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Computer is a programmable machine that performs tasks, such as mathematical calculations or electronic communication. The two principal characteristics of a computer are: it responds to a specific set of instructions in a well-defined manner and it can execute a prerecorded list of instructions.

WHO IS THE FATHER OF COMPUTER
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There are hundreds of people who have major contributions to the field of computing. The following sections detail the primary founding fathers of computing, the computer, and the personal computer we all know and use today.

HISTORY OF COMPUTER
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The computer as we know it today had its beginning with a 19th century English mathematics professor name Charles Babbage. He designed the Analytical Engine and it was this design that the basic framework of the computers of today are based on.

TYPES OF COMPUTER
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According to functionality computer can be divided in to three types: analog computer, digital computer and hybrid computer. All are used to perform and process the information or data and produce result in shape of output. Computers are also categorized on the basis of physical structures and the purpose of their use.

COMPUTER PROCESSING
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Processes can be defined as programs that are being executed within a computer system. The data processing is a procedure of manipulating data into a more concise, and comprehensible format. This includes collecting, processing, and distributing facts and figures to achieve a desired result.

WHAT IS SOFTWARE
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Software is the computer applications that are loaded on a computer. Software is a set of instructions given to the computer is called software. Software is logical in nature that impossible to touch. Software is developed by writing instructions in programming language.

WHAT IS HARDWARE
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Hardware is the computers peripherals that are part of the computer. Hardware is a internal and external components of the computer are called hardware. Hardware is physical in nature that possible to touch. Hardware is constructed using a raw materials.

COMPUTER LANGUAGES
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A computer languages is a set of rules for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks. The term computer language includes a wide variety of languages used to communicate with computers. It is broader than the more commonly-used term programming language. Programming languages are a subset of computer languages.

WHAT IS BINARY CODES
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All data in a computer system consists of binary information. Binary means there are only two possible values: zero and one. Computer program translates between binary information and the information you actually work with on a computer, such as decimal numbers, text, photos, audio and video.

WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM
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Operating System (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. The operating system is an essential component of the system software in a computer system. Application programs require an operating system to function.

WHAT IS COMMAND PROMPT
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Command Prompt is an entry point for typing computer commands in the Command Prompt window. By typing commands at the command prompt, you can perform tasks on your computer without using the Windows graphical interface.

WHAT IS BIOS
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The Basic Input Output System, usually referred to as BIOS, is software stored on a small memory chip on the motherboard. Bios a set of computer instructions in firmware that control input and output operations.

MULTIMEDIA FUNDAMENTALS
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Multimedia refers to content that uses more than one medium. Multimedia is the field concerned with the computer-controlled integration of data, text, photo, audio, video, color, game, animation and any other media where every type of information can be represented, stored, transmitted and processed digitally.

WHAT IS COMPUTER DATA
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Data is any sequence of symbols given meaning by specific acts of interpretation. Digital data is the quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are performed by a computer, stored and recorded on magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media, and transmitted in the form of electrical signals.

TEXT CASE AND FORMAT
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Text is a collection of words or letters that are understandable by the reader. On a computer text can be created, viewed, edited, and modified using a text editor. Text is a human-readable sequence of characters and the words or letters form can be encoded into computer-readable formats such as ASCII.

COLOR DIAGRAM AND DEPTH
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Color is a significant component of computer aided visualization of information, concepts and ideas. The use of color in all applications of computer graphics enhances the image, clarifies the information presented, and helps distinguish features that are obscure in black and white pictures.

HOW PIXEL MAKE IMAGES
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A pixel is the smallest unit of a digital image or graphic that can be displayed and represented on a digital display device. A pixel is the basic logical unit in digital graphics. Pixels are combined to form a complete image, video, text or any visible thing on a computer display. A pixel is also known as a picture element.

TYPES OF PHOTO IN COMPUTER
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A photo is a picture taken by a electronic device with camera that produces a printed or digital copy of a person, place or object. A picture, also called an image, is a group of colored points on a flat surface that looks the same as something else. The smallest portion of an image in a monitor screen is called pixel.

HOW AUDIO WORKS IN COMPUTER
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Audio is a acoustic sounds, usually used to create a music. Audio frequency (AF) of a signal conveying the sound and synchronizing pulses in a radio broadcasting system. An audio frequency is an electrical alternating current within the 20 to 20,000 hertz range that can be used to produce acoustic sounds.

HOW VIDEO WORKS IN COMPUTER
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Video is a visual images, usually used to create a movie. Video frequency (VF) of a signal conveying the image and synchronizing pulses in a television broadcasting system. An video frequency is an electrical alternating current within the 50 to 60,000 hertz range that can be used to produce visual images.

WHAT IS COMPUTER GAME
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A game is designed to entertain or educate an individual. Games can be played on a computer desktop/laptop, table, phone or device specially made for game play called a game console. The player interacts with the game through a controller, a hand-held device with buttons and joysticks or pads.

WHAT IS VISUAL ANIMATION
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Animation is the creation of animated images. Animation created an illusion of motion made with a sequence of images that are each slightly different. A simulation of action or movement created by displaying a series of images or frames in rapid sequence. Anime on television is one example of animation.

NETWORKING FUNDAMENTALS
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Network is a group of two or more computer systems or other electronic devices that linked together through cable, wifi, satellites, bluetooth, infrared or internet. The purpose of a network is to be connected with other computer and enable to send or receive a files and information between multiple systems.

WHAT IS OSI MODEL
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The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model was created to help standardize communication between computer systems. It divides communications into seven different layers. Each layer performs a specific tasks and builds upon the preceding layer until the communications are complete.

WHAT IS SERVER
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A server is an instance of a computer program that accepts and responds to requests made by another program, known as a client. Less formally, any device that runs server application program could be considered a server as well. Servers are used to manage network resources.

WHAT IS TOPOLOGY
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A Network Topology is the arrangement with which computer systems or network devices are connected to each other. Topologies may define both physical and logical aspect of the network. Both logical and physical topologies could be same or different in a same network.

WHAT IS PROTOCOL
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A protocol is a standard used to define a method of exchanging data over a computer network. protocol is the special set of rules that end points in a telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols specify interactions between the communicating entities.

WHAT IS IP ADDRESS
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An Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique identifier for a node or host connection on an IP network. An IP address is a 32 bit binary number usually represented as 4 decimal values, each representing 8 bits, in the range 0 to 255 known as octets separated by decimal points. This is known as dotted decimal notation.

WHAT IS INTERNET
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The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer networking worldwide, which is accessible to the general public. These interconnected computers work by transmitting data through a special type of packet switching which is known as the IP or the internet protocol.

WHAT IS EMAIL
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Electronic mail (E-mail) is a method of sending messages from one computer to another. It has revolutionised communication in workplaces and homes throughout the world, enabling individuals, organisations and businesses to send messages to any recipient's E-mail Address.

WHAT IS FIREWALL
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Firewalls are computer security systems that protect your office/home PCs or your network from intruders, hackers & malicious code. Firewalls protect you from offensive software that may come to reside on your systems or from prying hackers. Firewalls provide you with the necessary safety and protection.

GOOD POSTURE AT COMPUTER
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Knowing how to sit at a computer prevent injuries that could be avoided. And prevention is better than cure. Here is a four-step checklist that you can carry out at your workstation, to make sure you’re comfortable, safe and productive at the office.

HOW TO USE A COMPUTER MOUSE
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The mouse gives you control over your computer. With the mouse in your hand you cause the onscreen arrow to move around your computer display. Using a computer mouse is one of the first steps to properly operating a computer.

HOW TO USE A COMPUTER KEYBOARD
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The keyboard allows you to enter symbols, letters and numbers into a computer. Properly using a keyboard plays a very large role. This is the main way you will be interacting with your computer, and you can actually perform a variety of functions using just the keyboard.

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